少钠乳化炸药的研发

Research and development of Low-sodium emulsion explosive

为了开发一种硝酸钠低配比且性能稳定的乳化炸药,根据零氧平衡理论,采用应用理论分析、试验总结、产品性能检测等方法确定水相添加剂和油相添加剂种类及配比。通过在炸药的水相材料中加入一定比例的水相添加剂以降低水相析晶点,增加水相溶液的亲油性;同时在乳化炸药的油相材料中加入l%~3%的多链大分子烷烃添加剂,改进油相材料组分,调节油相材料的黏稠度,强化界面膜的强度,在体系中形成高分子框架,从而提高了少钠乳化炸药的储存稳定性。

In order to develop an emulsion explosive with low ratio of sodium nitrate and stable performance, based on the zero-oxygen equilibrium theory, the kinds and proportions of aqueous and oil phase additives were determined by theoretical analysis, test summary and product performance test. In order to decrease the crystallization point of aqueous phase and increase the hydrophilicity of aqueous solution, a certain proportion of aqueous additive was added into the aqueous phase material of explosive At the same time, 1% ~ 3% multi-chain macromolecular alkane additive was added into the oil phase material of emulsion explosive to improve the composition of the oil phase material, adjust the viscosity of the oil phase material, strengthen the strength of the interface film, and form a macromolecular framework in the system,therefore, the storage stability of low-sodium emulsion explosive is improved.