石墨烯-羧甲基纤维素复合气凝胶的制备及吸油性能评价

Preparation of graphene-carboxymethyl cellulose composite aerogel and evaluation of oil absorption performance

以氧化石墨(GO)为主要原料,并引入高分子羧甲基纤维素(CMC),采用水热还原结合冰模板的方法,经常压干燥和疏水改性,制备石墨烯-羧甲基纤维素复合气凝胶(HGA/CMC)。通过SEM、FT-IR、XPS、电子万能试验机等手段对该气凝胶进行表征,证明了GO与CMC的有效复合和疏水改性的成功。将HGA/CMC用于油品吸附,结果表明:HGA/CMC可利用其丰富的孔道结构吸附纯油品,对油品的吸附量在70.28~172.78 g·g^(-1),且油品密度越大,单位质量气凝胶可吸附的油品质量越大。此外HGA/CMC能选择性地吸附水上浮油、水底重油并高效分离水中乳化油,且通过机械挤压可实现HGA/CMC的循环再生利用,10次挤压再生后其吸附量仅损失15%,是具有应用潜力的含油污水治理材料。

With graphite oxide(GO)as the main raw material,combining with carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC),hydrothermal reduction combined ice template method was used to prepare graphene/carboxymethyl cellulose composite aerogel(HGA/CMC),through drying under the environmental pressure and hydrophobic modification.The HGA/CMC was characterized through SEM,FT-IR,XPS and microcomputer controlled electronic universal testing machine,which proves the successful combination between GO and CMC and the effective hydrophobic modification.HGA/CMC can absorb pure oil because of its abundant pore structure,the adsorption capacity of oil is 70.28-172.78 g·g^(-1),and the higher the oil density is,the greater the oil mass can be adsorbed by aerogel per unit mass.Furthermore,HGA/CMC shows good selective adsorption capacity for floating oil on water,heavy oil on water bottom and emulsified oil in water.HGA/CMC can be recycled by mechanical extrusion,and its adsorption capacity loss is only 15%after 10 times of extrusion regeneration.It is an oily wastewater treatment material with application potential.