木芙蓉白粉病病原及发生规律研究

Study on the Pathogen and Occurrence Regularities of Powdery Mildew of Hibiscus mutabilis

白粉病是木芙蓉的常见病害,在屯溪地区发生较为普遍,严重影响了木芙蓉的正常生长。2020年3月至2021年12月,笔者对该地区木芙蓉白粉病的病原及发生规律进行研究。结果表明,白粉病主要危害木芙蓉叶片,明显的症状是由菌丝、分生孢子梗、分生孢子等组成白粉层,叶正面多于叶背面;10月下旬开始在叶正面产生形状近球形的闭囊壳,里面有1个子囊,初步确定屯溪地区木芙蓉白粉病的病原为木槿生单囊壳;木芙蓉白粉病的分生孢子可造成多次侵染,9月下旬至10月中旬为侵染高峰期,木槿生单囊壳菌主要以闭囊壳在病叶上越冬。

Powdery mildew is a common disease of Hibiscus mutabilis and is widespread in Tunxi District,having a serious impact on the growth of the plant.From March 2020 to December 2021,a study was made on the pathogens and occurrence regularities of the plant disease in this district.The results showed that the disease mainly harms the leaves with noticeable symptoms of white powder layers,consisting of hypha,conidiophore and conidia,more serious on the front side than on the back of the leaves.From late October,the subsphaeroidal cleistothecium,with an ascus inside,emerged on the front of the leaves,and it was preliminarily confirmed that Hibiscus sphacelotheca fuliginea was the pathogen of the plant disease in Tunxi District;The conidia of the disease could cause multiple infections with an infection peak from late September to mid-October,and the pathogen mainly overwinters in the form of cleistothecium on infected leaves.