深松对春玉米田土壤贮水性能及玉米子粒水分利用效率的影响

Response Mechanism of Soil Moisture Storage Characteristics and Kernel Water Use Efficiency to Subsoiling Regulation in Spring Maize

针对内蒙古春玉米产区耕层土壤质量下降、土壤容重增加、土壤保水蓄水能力下降等问题,试验以先玉335为供试材料,采用裂区试验设计,主区为深松季节,副区为深松深度。研究结果表明,土默川平原灌区深松处理下,土壤含水量较春季浅旋(CK)提升5.23%~9.89%;河套平原灌区深松处理下,土壤含水量较CK提升3.23%~7.34%。土默川平原灌区深松处理土壤容重较CK降低1.21%~11.52%;河套平原灌区深松(SS)土壤容重较CK降低0.61%~8.33%。土默川平原灌区春玉米产量提升7.84%~22.68%,玉米水分利用效率提升4.31%~25.32%,河套平原灌区产量提升7.73%~23.92%,玉米水分利用效率提升6.06%~29.63%。供试深松模式中,推荐秋季深松50 cm为最合理深松模式。

In view of the problems of soil quality decline,soil bulk density increase,soil water conservation and storage capacity decline in Inner Mongolia,Xianyu335 was used as the test material and the split zone test design was adopted.The main area was the subsoiling season,and the sub area was the subsoiling depth In Tumote plain irrigation area,the soil moisture increased 5.23%-9.89%to CK in subsoiling treatment.In Hetao plain irrigation area,the soil moisture increased 3.23%-7.34%to CK in subsoiling treatment.In Tumote plain irrigation area,the soil bulk density declined 1.21%-11.52%to CK in subsoil.In Hetao plain irrigation area,the soil bulk density declined0.61%~8.33%to CK in subsoil treatment.In Tumote plain irrigation area,the maize yield increased by 7.84%-22.68%to CK,the water use efficiency increased by 4.31%-25.32%to CK due to subsoiling treatment,in Hetao plain irrigation area,the maize yield increased by 7.73%-23.92%to CK,the water use efficiency increased by6.06%-29.63%to CK due to subsoiling treatment.Among the tested subsoiling models,50 cm subsoiling in autumn is recommended as the most reasonable subsoiling model.