青少年身体活动感知障碍评估量表的研制与检验:基于社会生态模型的构建(PBPA-SEM)

Development and test of the assessment scale for adolescents'physical activity perception barrier—based on the construction of social ecological model

目的:基于健康行为的社会生态模型,编制适用于我国青少年的身体活动感知障碍量表,并对信、效度进行评价。方法:通过系统的文献回顾和开放式问卷调查,并对原始资料进行质性编码分析,初步确定青少年身体活动感知障碍的社会生态结构维度,拟定47个项目;对547名中学生进行初测,用于量表初稿的项目分析和探索性因素分析,之后对782名中学生发放正式量表,用于验证性因素分析和内部一致性信度检验,其中68人2周后进行重测。结果:青少年身体活动感知障碍量表由4个分量表38个题目构成,探索性因素分析发现个体分量表由缺乏动机、自我意识、竞争兴趣和优先事项4个维度构成,个体间分量表由他人支持和榜样、家人的态度2个维度构成,组织分量表由学校体育资源和校园体育文化氛围2个维度构成,社区/环境分量表由社区体育资源与交通方式、天气2个维度构成。量表各项目具有良好的鉴别度,且与总分均显著正相关(r=0.302~0.768,P<0.01)。验证性因素分析结果显示,总量表四因子模型各指标均达到拟合标准(χ2/df=2.186,RMSEA=0.083,IFI=0.954,CFI=0.952,TLI=0.921,GFI=0.936,AGFI=0.870)。总量表及各分量表Cronbach’sα系数为0.734~0.876,各维度Cronbach’sα系数为0.639~0.920。总量表及各分量表重测信度为0.779~0.902。量表各维度与效标问卷均具有显著负相关(r=-0.176~-0.575)。结论:青少年身体活动感知障碍量表具有良好的信、效度,可以用于青少年身体活动感知障碍的评估和研究。

Objective:Based on the social ecological model of healthy behaviors,to compile a localized measurement scale for Chinese adolescents'perception barriers to physical activity,and to evaluate its reliability and validity.Methods:Through systematic literature review and open questionnaire surveys,through a qualitative coding analysis process,the dimensions of the social ecological structure of the perception obstacles to youth sports activities were initially determined,47items were drawn up;a total of 547middle school students were initially tested for the project analysis and exploratory factor analysis of the first draft of the table,and then 782middle school students were issued a formal scale for confirmatory factor analysis and internal consistency reliability test,of which 68were retested after 2weeks.Results:The Adolescent Physical Activity Perception Barrier Scale consists of 4subscales and 38items.Exploratory factor analysis found that individual subscales consisted of lack of motivation,self-awareness,competitive interests and priorities,inter-individual subscales consisted of other support and role models,family attitude,organizational subscale consisted of school sports resources,campus sports cultural atmosphere,community/environment subscale consisted of community sports resources and transportation methods,weather.The items in the scale showed good discrimination and were significantly positively correlated with the total score(r=0.302~0.768,P<0.01).The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that each index of the total table four-factor model reached the fitting standard(χ2/df=2.186,RMSEA=0.083,IFI=0.954,CFI=0.952,TLI=0.921,GFI=0.936,AGFI=0.870).The Cronbach’sαcoefficient of the total scale and each subscale was 0.734-0.876,and the Cronbach’sαcoefficient of each dimension was 0.639-0.920.The test-retest reliability of the total scale and each subscale was 0.779-0.902.Each dimension of the scale had a significant negative correlation with the standard question naire(r=-0.176~-0.575).Conclusion:The Scale for Adolescent Physical Activity Perception Barrier has good reliability and validity,and can be used for the evaluation and research of youth physical activity perception barrier.