南宁市2021年白纹伊蚊抗药性和病原学监测研究

Insecticide resistance status and pathogeny surveillance of Aedes albopictus in Nanning, 2021

目的 掌握南宁市白纹伊蚊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性程度和病毒携带率,为合理选择、使用杀虫剂及蚊媒生物传染病的风险评估和预测预警提供科学依据。方法 白纹伊蚊抗药性监测分别采用成蚊接触筒法、幼虫浸渍法对拟除虫菊酯类、氨基甲酸酯类和有机磷类杀虫剂进行敏感性测定,并运用SPSS 20.0进行统计学分析;白纹伊蚊病原学监测采用半巢式RT-PCR法对黄病毒属和甲病毒属进行检测。结果 2021年南宁市白纹伊蚊抗药性监测结果显示,白纹伊蚊幼虫对高效氯氰菊酯、残杀威LC分别为0.261、4.978 mg/L,抗性倍数分别为48.253、5.591,抗性水平分别为高抗和抵抗;成蚊高效氯氰菊酯、残杀威、马拉硫磷药纸死亡率分别为57%、80%、100%,抗性水平分别为抗性、可能抗性和敏感;2021年南宁市白纹伊蚊病原学监测结果显示,野外采集的白纹伊蚊雌性成蚊共2 199只,黄病毒属和甲病毒属病毒检测结果显示均未扩增出阳性条带。结论 南宁市白纹伊蚊幼虫及成蚊对高效氯氰菊酯和残杀威存在不同程度抗药性,应参照抗药性检测结果,结合当地实际情况,高抗或抗性杀虫剂应停用一段时间,低抗或疑似抗性杀虫剂应轮换使用或复配使用,以降低蚊虫选择压力,延长杀虫剂使用寿命。南宁市野外品系白纹伊蚊可能尚未携带黄病毒属和甲病毒属病毒或携带率处在较低的水平,应持续监测,预防蚊媒传染病的传播。

Objective To understand the resistance status and the virus-carrying rate of Aedes albopictus in Nanning city,and to provide evidence for scientific use of insecticides,risk assessment and early warning of mosquito-borne infectious diseases.Methods Adult mosquito exposure chamber method and larva immersion method were utilized to test insecticide resistance of pyrethroids,carbamates and organophosphates,and SPSS20.0 for statistical analysis.Hemi-nested RT-PCR assay was used for detection of mosquito-borne alphaviruses and flavivirus.Results The results of resistance status of Aedes albopictus in 2021 in Nanning showed that,the LCof larvae mosquitos on beta eyper-methrrin and propoxur were 0.261 mg/L and 4.978 mg/L,and the resistance multiple were 48.253 and 5.591.The resistance level were high resistance and low resistance,respectively.After exposure to beta eyper-methrrin,propoxur and malathion,the mortality of adult mosquitoes were57%,80% and 100%,and the resistance multiple were resistance population,doubtful drug resistance and sensitive population,respectively.The results of pathogeny surveillance of Aedes albopictus in 2021 in Nanning City show that,a total of2 199 samples of female adult wild line Aedes albopictus were collected,flavivirus and alphaviruses were not detected in the wild line Aedes albopictus in Nanning.Conclusions The larvae and adult Aedes albopictus in Nanning have developed resistance to beta eyper-methrrin and propoxur.Local use of insecticides should be guided based on local conditions and the monitoring results;high resistance insecticides should be stopped for a period of time,and the insecticides to which Aedes albopictus has developed medium and low resistance or suspected resistance should be used alternately or in combination,in order to reduce the selection pressure of mosquitoes and prolong the service life of insecticides.Mosquito-Borne flavivirus and alphaviruses carried by Aedes albopictus on the outskirts of Nanning were not detected or at a low level.Continuous monitoring should be carried out to prevent the spread of mosquito borne diseases.