族际接触如何影响偏见:基于族际共同性感知的视角

How Inter-ethnic Contact Affects Prejudice:A Perspective Based on Perceptions of Inter-ethnic Commonality

族际共同性感知是对差异性感知的发展与超越,其对有效发挥族际接触作用、减少族际偏见,进而铸牢中华民族共同体意识具有重要价值。为了解族际共同性感知在族际接触与偏见间的中介作用,本研究采用族际接触问卷、偏见问卷和族际共同性感知问卷,对1107名内地汉族中学生进行调查。结果表明:直接表面接触能够显著正向预测对边疆民族的偏见,族际共同性感知在二者间起遮掩效应;间接媒介接触能够显著负向预测对边疆民族的偏见,族际共同性感知在二者间起中介效应。研究结果揭示了族际共同性感知在族际接触与偏见关系间的作用,尤其在不同族际接触方式中的影响方式,对正确把握共同性和差异性的辩证关系,做到增进共同性、尊重差异性,进而促进和谐、团结的民族关系具有一定的启示。

The perception of inter-ethnic commonality is the development and transcendence of the perception of difference, which is of great significance to effectively play the role of ethnic contact, reduce ethnic prejudice, and thus solidify the consciousness of community of the Chinese nation.To understand the mediating role of inter-ethnic commonality perception between inter-ethnic contact and bias, this study investigated 1,107 Han middle school students adopting inter-ethnic contact questionnaire, bias questionnaire and inter-ethnic commonality perception questionnaire.The results show that the direct superficial contact can significantly and positively predict the bias of the people in border region, and the perception of inter-ethnic commonality has a concealment effect between the two;indirect media contact can significantly negatively predict the bias against people in the border area, and the perception of ethnic commonality has an mediating effect between the two. The results reveal the role of ethnic commonality perception in the relationship between ethnic contact and bias, especially in different ethnic contact patterns. This provides certain lessons to learn for relevant departments to correctly understand the dialectical relationship between commonality and differences, enhance the commonality, respect the differences, and then promote the harmonious and united ethnic relations.