补偿与发展:“少数民族高层次骨干人才计划”的两种基本逻辑

Compensation and Development:the Two Basic Logics of“Ethnic High-Level Key Professionals Plan”

作为一项致力于培养高层次人才,促进民族地区经济社会发展,增强民族团结和维护国家统一的民族教育政策,“少数民族高层次骨干人才计划”至今已持续实施10余年。从“少数民族骨干计划”历年的政策文本出发,梳理其实施要点与突出变化,包括目标、招生与录取、培养、就业四部分,并与“预科政策”“特岗计划”两项政策的实施逻辑进行比较。研究发现,不同于逻辑相对单一明确的教育政策,“少数民族骨干计划”暗含“补偿”与“发展”两种复杂交织的政策逻辑,其间的潜在冲突造成政策执行过程中的内在张力与实践挑战。建议进一步彰显“少数民族骨干计划”的发展逻辑,扩大招生范围,拓宽民族地区发展参与人群;拓展专项计划,精准培养地区发展所需人才,从而更好助力提高民族地区人群素质,推动民族地区经济社会发展。

As an ethnic education policy committed to cultivating high-level professionals, promoting the economic and social development of ethnic areas, enhancing national solidarity and safeguarding national unity, the “Ethnic High-level Key Professionals Plan” has been implemented for over 10 years.Starting from the policy text of the “key professionals plan”over the years, the article reviews the implementation key points and prominent changes, which includes four aspects of objectives, enrollment and admission, training, and employment. The article also compares the policy′s logic with the implementation logic of the two policies of “preparatory policy” and “special post plan”.The study finds that, different from the education policy with relatively single but clear logic, the “key professionals plan” implies two complex interwoven policy logic of “compensation” and “development”, and the potential conflicts cause the internal tension and practical challenges in the process of policy implementation.The article suggests to further highlight the development logic of the “key professionals plan”, expand the scope of enrollment, and broaden the participants in the development of ethnic areas;to expand special plans to accurately train the professionals needed for regional development, so as to better support and improve the quality of the people in ethnic areas and promote the economic and social development of ethnic areas.