中部烟叶采收成熟度对鲜烟素质及烤后烟叶质量的影响

Effects of Harvest Maturity of Middle Tobacco Leaves on the Quality of Fresh and Cured Tobacco

为探讨吉安烟区不同成熟度中部烟叶的鲜烟素质和适宜的成熟采收特征,以云烟87为试验材料,研究了不同成熟度中部烟叶的SPAD值、水分分布和含量、暗箱变黄变褐特性及烤后烟叶收缩、烤后烟叶化学成分。结果表明,随着成熟度的提高,烟叶SPAD值逐渐降低;随着成熟度的提高,叶片和主脉含水量呈现降低趋势,叶片水分与主脉水分的比值呈现先降低后升高的趋势,自由水含量呈逐渐升高的趋势,束缚水含量呈逐渐降低的趋势。随着成熟度的提高,暗箱变黄指数逐渐升高,变褐指数先降低后升高,且M处理烟叶尚未完全变黄时就开始变褐。从烤后烟叶收缩情况来看,随着成熟度的提高,烟叶的横向和纵向收缩率呈先升高后降低的趋势,烤后烟叶烟碱、总氮含量呈降低趋势,还原糖含量呈升高趋势。

In order to explore the quality of middle tobacco leaves with different maturity in Ji’an tobacco area and suitable mature harvest characteristics,taking Yunyan 87 as test materials,SPAD value,water distribution and content,yellowing and browning characteristics in dark box,and shrinkage rate of cured tobacco leaves,chemical composition of cured tobacco leaves of middle tobacco leaves with different maturity were studied.The results showed that SPAD value of tobacco gradually decreased with the increase of maturity.The water content in both leaves and main veins decreased with the increase of maturity,the ratio of leaf water content to main vein water content first decreased and then increased,the free water content gradually increased,the bound water content gradually decreased.With the increase of maturity,yellowing index in dark box gradually increased,and the browning index first decreased and then increased.Tobacco leaves in Mtreatment began to turn brown before it completely turned yellow.According to the shrinkage of cured tobacco leaves,with the increase of maturity,the horizontal and vertical shrinkage rate of cured tobacco leaves first increased and then decreased,and the contents of nicotine and total nitrogen in cured tobacco leaves decreased,while the content of reducing sugar increased.