心理干预对尿毒症患者血液透析期护理的效果探索

Effect of Psychological Intervention on Hemodialysis Nursing of Uremic Patients

目的 分析尿毒症患者血液透析期采用心理干预取得的护理效果。方法 本研究活动时间段为2019年7月至2020年7月,选该时间段接诊的尿毒症82例。根据随机分组方法将患者分为两组,对照组和观察组的人数均为41例。所有患者血液透析期间,对照组和观察组分别展开常规护理和心理干预,对不同护理前后的负面情绪、睡眠质量、生活质量、护理以后的并发症发生率、护理前后的肾功能、护理后的满意度等进行统计学分析和对比。结果 (1)开展护理之前,两组患者的汉密尔顿焦虑心理和汉密尔顿抑郁心理评分差异不显著(P> 0.05),护理干预以后,虽然两组患者的汉密尔顿焦虑量表和汉密尔顿抑郁量表的评分都得到改善,但是观察组的改善效果更好(P <0.05)。(2)护理前,两组患者在匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评分方面没有显著性差异(P> 0.05),护理后,虽然两组患者的匹兹堡睡眠质量指数得到改变,但观察组患者的改善效果更理想(P <0.05)。(3)护理前,两组患者的SF-36简明生活质量量表的评分差异不显著(P> 0.05),护理后,虽然两组患者的SF-36简明生活质量量表评分都得到改善,但是观察组的改善效果更理想(P <0.05)。(4)观察组(5例,占12.20%)的并发症发生概率相比对照组(15例,占36.59%)更低(P <0.05)。(5)护理前,两组患者的血尿素氮、血清肌酐和血尿酸等肾功能指标没有明显的差异(P> 0.05),护理后,虽然两组患者的血尿素氮、血清肌酐和血尿酸等肾功能指标都有改善,但观察组的转变效果更为突出(P <0.05)。(6)护理后观察组(40例,占97.56%)跟满意度相比对照组(35例,占85.37%)更高(P <0.05)。结论 对尿毒症血液透析的患者通过心理护理进行干预,能够调节患者的负面情绪,提高睡眠质量和生活质量,可以降低并发症对身体的影响,改变患者的肾功能并提升整体满意度。

Objective To analyze the nursing effect of psychological intervention in uremia patients during hemodialysis.Methods The activity period of this study was from July 2019 to July 2020,and 82 patients with uremia were selected during this period.The patients were divided into two groups according to the randomization method,and the number of both the control group and the observation group was 41.During the period of hemodialysis,the control group and the observation group carried out routine nursing and psychological intervention respectively.Statistical analysis and comparison of satisfaction,etc.Results(1)Before nursing,there was no significant difference in the scores of Hamilton anxiety and Hamilton depression between the two groups of patients(P>0.05).After nursing intervention,although the scores of Hamilton anxiety scale and Hamilton depression scale were improved in both groups,but the improvement effect of the observation group was better(P<0.05).(2)Before nursing,there was no significant difference in Pittsburgh sleep quality index score between the two groups(P>0.05).After nursing,although the Pittsburgh sleep quality index of the two groups of patients was changed,the improvement effect of the observation group was more ideal(P<0.05).(3)Before nursing,there was no significant difference in the scores of the SF-36 Brief Quality of Life Scale between the two groups of patients(P>0.05).The improvement effect of the group was more ideal(P<0.05).(4)The incidence of complications in the observation group(5 cases,accounting for 12.20%)was lower than that in the control group(15 cases,accounting for 36.59%)(P<0.05).(5)Before nursing,there was no significant difference in renal function indexes such as blood urea nitrogen,serum creatinine and serum uric acid between the two groups(P>0.05).Functional indicators were improved,but the transformation effect of the observation group was more prominent(P<0.05).(6)After nursing,the observation group(40 cases,accounting for 97.56%)had higher satisfaction than the control group(35 cases,accounting for 85.37%)(P<0.05).Conclusion Psychological nursing intervention for uremic hemodialysis patients can regulate the negative emotions of patients,improve sleep quality and quality of life,reduce the impact of complications on the body,change the renal function of patients and improve overall satisfaction,which is worthwhile.