北、上、广、深中考体育模式研究

Study on Sports Mode in Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou and Shenzhen

分析北京、上海、广州和深圳目前中考体育模式的特点,对四个城市近六年的中考体育项目内容设置、考核形式、评分标准、分值设置等进行研究。结果表明:(1)北、上、广采取统一性+过程性的考核模式,深圳则以统一性考试为主;(2)北、广、深采取必考项目+选考项目形式,上海则要求从四大类项目中各选一项考核;(3)上海的项目设置最为丰富,学生有充分的可选择性,另三个城市的学生可选择的项目范围比较局限,但呈现逐渐丰富的趋势;(4)深圳的考核标准高于北、上、广,较好地体现出考试的人才择优作用;(5)广、深、北、上的分值依次为70、50、40和30分,整体分值设置的科学性一般。建议:注重过程性与终结性评价相结合;贯彻体教融合方针,注重教考融合;科学制定评分标准,逐步提高考核难度;注重运动兴趣培养,增强学生的终身体育意识。

In order to better understand the characteristics of the current examination sports model in Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou and Shenzhen,this article thoroughly consults a large number of literature and related policy documents,including examination sports content setting,assessment form,score standards,score setting in the recent six years.Research results include:(1)Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou adopt the assessment mode of unity and process,Shenzhen is mainly unified examination;(2)Beijing,Guangzhou and Shenzhen take the form of compulsory items and elective items,Shanghai requires selecting one of the four categories of projects;(3)Shanghai has the most abundant selective project settings,the scope of the projects available for students of the other three cities is relatively limited;(4)The assessment standards of Shenzhen are higher than those of Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou,which better reflects the role of the examination of talent selection;(5)The scores of Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Beijing and Shanghai are 70,50,40 and 30 points respectively.Suggestions are as following:pay attention to the combination of formative and summative evaluation,implement the policy of sports and education integration,pay attention to the integration of education and examination,scientifically formulate scoring standards,appropriately improve the difficulty of assessment,pay attention to the cultivation of sports interest,and enhance lifelong sports awareness.