创新创业人才的素质要求——基于文献分析和问卷调查分析

Quality requirements of innovative and entrepreneurial talents: Based on literature analysis and questionnaire survey

创新创业人才的素质是创业取得成功的重要因素。基于创新创业人才素质的现有研究成果,采用文献分析法和问卷调查法,整理出理论界和实践界公认的创新创业人才素质要求。结合麦克利兰的冰山模型,构建创新创业人才素质模型,提出适用于创新创业人才素质的评价方法。研究结果表明,创新创业人才应具有创业意识与激情、领导力、商业敏感性、创新精神、沟通力、资源整合力、团队合作能力、自信力、适应性、坚韧与乐观、责任与自律等11项素质。根据各素质的特点和测评条件,面试法、评价中心法、行为锚定法和心理测验法是可以借鉴的测评方法。研究结论为如何选拔和培养创新创业人才提供了理论和实践依据。

The quality of innovative and entrepreneurial talents is an essential factor for the success of entrepreneurship. Based on the current research results of innovation and entrepreneurship talent quality,literature analysis and questionnaire survey are adopted to sort out the requirements of innovation and entrepreneurship talent quality recognized by theoretical and practical circles. Combined with the McClelland iceberg model, the quality model of innovation and entrepreneurship talents is constructed, and the evaluation method suitable for innovation and entrepreneurship talent quality is put forward. The results show that innovative and entrepreneurial talents should possess 11 qualities: entrepreneurial consciousness and passion, leadership, business sensitivity, creative spirit, communication ability, resource integration ability, teamwork ability, confidence, adaptability, tenacity and optimism, responsibility and self-discipline.According to the characteristics of various qualities and evaluation conditions, interview method, evaluation center method, behavior anchoring method and psychological test method can be used for reference. The conclusion provides a theoretical and practical basis for selecting and cultivating innovative and entrepreneurial talents.