预见性护理对NICU早产儿黄疸指数及生长发育的影响

Effects of predictive nursing on jaundice index and growth and development of premature infants in NICU

目的探讨预见性护理在新生儿重症监护中心(NICU)早产儿中的应用效果。方法选取2020年7月至2021年2月江西省萍乡市人民医院NICU收治的早产儿60例作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各30例。对照组接受常规干预,观察组在常规干预基础上采取预见性护理。比较两组黄疸相关情况、生长发育情况、智力发育水平和护理满意度。结果两组干预前的生长发育和智能发育情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组的黄疸指数低于对照组,胎粪转黄时间、黄疸持续时间、光疗时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的病理性黄疸发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组干预后的身长、头围均长于干预前,体重重于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组干预后的头围、身长均长于对照组,体重重于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组干预后的智力发育指数(MDI)、心理运动发育指数(PDI)评分均高于干预前,且观察组的MDI、PDI评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的护理满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论预见性护理能够降低NICU早产儿黄疸指数水平,促进黄疸消退,有助于早产儿生长发育和智能发育,促进护理满意度提升。

Objective To explore the application effect of predictive nursing in premature infants in neonatal intensive care center(NICU).Methods A total of 60 premature infants admitted to the NICU of the People′s Hospital of Pingxiang City,Jiangxi Province from July 2020 to February 2021 were selected as research objects,and they were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method,with 30 cases in each group.The control group received routine intervention,and the observation group received predictive nursing on the basis of routine intervention.The jaundice-related conditions,growth and development,mental development and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in the growth and development and intelligence development between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).The jaundice index in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the time of meconium turning yellow,the duration of jaundice,and the time of phototherapy were all shorter than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The incidence of pathological jaundice in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the body length and head circumference in two groups were longer than those before intervention,and the body weight in two groups was heavier than that before intervention,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The body length and head circumference in observation group were longer than those in control group,and the body weight in observation group was heavier than that in control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of mental development index(MDI)and psychomotor development index(PDI)in two groups were higher than those before intervention,and the scores of MDI and PDI in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion Predictive nursing can reduce the jaundice index level of premature infants in NICU,promote jaundice subsidence,help premature infants′growth and intelligence development,and improve nursing satisfaction.