贵州黔南成人牙科焦虑现状及相关因素分析

Analysis of the Current Situation and Related Factors of Dental Anxiety Among Adults in Qiannan Area of Guizhou

目的 了解贵州黔南地区成人牙科焦虑症的流行病学特征及其相关危险因素,指导口腔临床医生在诊疗中对患者进行系列心理干预,进而最大程度缓解患者的焦虑情绪。方法 采用改良牙科焦虑量表和引起牙科焦虑事件的害怕程度问卷,对下乡义诊患者及2017年11月—2019年12月在黔南州人民医院口腔科门诊就诊的患者进行问卷调查并统计分析。结果 共有420例患者参与本次调查研究,有效问卷401份,牙科焦虑症总体患病率为50.6%,水族患者的总体患病率(63.6%)高于汉族(54.3%)。不同性别、年龄、民族、学历水平、月收入、对疼痛的耐受程度、洗牙频率的患病率的差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);不同婚姻状况、普通话程度、有无看牙经历的差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。多元线性回归结果提示,在引起牙科焦虑的事件中,医生注射麻药、用牙科手机钻牙、磨牙、将根管锉插入牙根中与牙科焦虑状态之间存在线性关系。结论 贵州黔南地区成人牙科焦虑症的发病率较高,就诊患者年龄、性别、民族文化、部分牙科治疗事件等与牙科焦虑患病率密切相关;口腔临床工作人员在诊治前应对患者做好评估,制定个性化干预措施,以减轻患者的焦虑状态。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors of dental anxiety among adults in Qiannan area of Guizhou province, and to guide dental clinicians to carry out a series of psychological interventions on patients during diagnosis and treatment, so as to relieve the anxiety of patients to the greatest extent.Methods The modified dental anxiety scale and the fear of dental anxiety events questionnaire were used to conduct a questionnaire survey on the patients who went to the countryside for free clinics and the patients who visited the stomatology clinic of The People’s Hospital of Qiannan from November 2017 to December 2019, and statistically analyzed the data. Results A total of 420 patients participated in this research and there were 401 valid questionnaires. The overall prevalence of dental anxiety was 50.6%, and the overall prevalence of Shui patients(63.6%) was higher than that of Han(54.3%). There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence of different gender,age, ethnicity, education level, monthly income, tolerance to pain,and frequency of dental cleaning(P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in marital status, level of Mandarin, and experience of dental care(P > 0.05). Multiple linear regression results suggested a linear relationship between physician injections of anesthesia, hand drilling,teeth grinding, and root canal file insertion into dental anxiety among events that caused dental anxiety. Conclusion The incidence of dental anxiety in adults in Qiannan area of Guizhou province is high. The age,gender, ethnic culture and some dental treatment events of patients are closely related to the prevalence of dental anxiety. Oral clinical staff should evaluate patients before diagnosis and treatment, and develop personalized intervention measures to reduce the anxiety of patients.