用于物联网的RPL节能负载均衡方法

A New Load Balancing Method of Routing Protocol for Low Power Lossy Network for IoT

针对物联网中低功耗有损网络路由协议节点间能量不平衡问题,该文提出一种用于物联网的RPL节能负载均衡方法.该方法包含5个步骤:DODAG构建、最优网格头选择、最优父节点选择、向下路由和数据转发.构建DODAG,该过程从根节点向其他节点传输DIO消息.并根据与根节点的距离构建网格,在每个网格中使用重启随机游走算法选择最优的网格头节点,并处理数据传输过程中的重载条件.设计斑点鬣狗优化算法优化目标函数,并用适合度函数从多个指标进行估算,最终选择最佳父节点来路由数据包.构建向下路由绘制网络内任何节点和根/宿之间的路径,并向根发送数据.实验结果表明,该文所提方法能够实现物联网低功耗有损网络路由低丢包和高负载均衡的数据传输,且性能优于其他方法.

Aiming at the problem of energy imbalance between the nodes of network routing protocol caused by low power consumption in the Internet of Things,this paper proposed a RPL energy-saving load balancing method for the Internet of Things.This method consists of five parts:DODAG construction,optimal grid header selection,optimal parent node selection,downward routing and data forwarding.Firstly,the DODAG was built,and the process begins with the transmission of DIO messages from the root node to other nodes.Then the grid was constructed according to the distance from the root node,and the restart random walk algorithm was used to select the optimal grid head node in each grid,and the overload condition in the process of data transmission was processed.Then,the spotted hyena optimization algorithm was designed to optimize the objective function,and the fitness function was estimated from multiple indexes.Finally,the optimal parent node was selected to route the packet.Finally,a downward route was built to plot the path between any node in the network and the root/destination to prepare sending data to the root.Experimental results show that the proposed method can realize data transmission with low power consumption and low packet loss and high load balance,and the performance is better than other methods.