基于GIS的城市公园夜晚灯光对游人行为偏好影响的研究

Research on the Influence of Nightlight in City Parks on Preference of Tourist Behavior Based on GIS

城市公园的灯光设计随着时代的进步变得多元化和人性化,夜景照明给游人带来视觉上美的冲击,并深受人们的喜爱.城市公园灯光已经是行业内亮化设计研究和城市公园夜晚美化设计的热点和趋势.基于地理信息系统分析了城市公共空间的灯光对游人行为的影响,其结果表明:①冷色光比暖色光和中性光对于游人无意识正常步行速度影响显著提高,中性光比暖色光对于游人无意识正常步行速度影响显著提高,暖色光下游人无意识正常平均步行速度为1.10 m/s,中性光为1.35 m/s,冷色光为1.55 m/s;②城市公园夜间灯光照度大小与游人无意识正常步行速度呈负相关;③城市公园夜间灯光种类数量与游人无意识正常步行速度呈负相关;④同样灯光与游人活动有着紧密联系,游人的行为更倾向于趋光性,但是无论游人的行为是趋光性还是避光性(不是完全没有光,只是灯光照度比较低),都受夜间灯光影响.该研究的结果显示,综合分析城市公园灯光类型、强度和种类数量,进行合理的亮化设计能够引导游人,能够为游览路线的科学设计提供理论依据.

With the progress of the times,the lighting design of city parks has become diversified and humanized.The night scene lighting brings visitors a visually beautiful impact,and is deeply loved by people.City park lighting has become a hot spot and trend in lighting design research and the industry of city park night beautification design.Therefore,research and discussion on the impact of city park night lighting on tourists behavior is important.This study is based on the geographic information system to analyze the impact of urban public space lighting on tourists behavior.The results show that:①The influence of cold light on tourists unconscious normal walking speed is significantly higher than that of warm light and neutral light.The effect of neutral light is more significant than that of warm light.The average unconscious walking speed of people under warm light is 1.10 m/s,under neutral light is 1.35 m/s,and under cold light is 1.55 m/s.②The light intensity of city parks at night and the unconscious normal walking speed of visitors is negatively correlated.③The number of night lights in urban parks is negatively related to the unconscious normal walking speed of visitors.④The types of lights are also closely related to the types of visitors activities.Visitors behavior is more inclined to phototaxis,but whether visitors behavior is phototaxis or photopathy(not completely without light,but the light intensity is relatively low),it is affected by night lights.Considering the current application and future development at the same time,the results of this study indicated that a reasonable lighting design can guide visitors behavior,also provide a theoretical basis for the scientific design of tour routes.