外商直接投资对新型城镇化的影响

The Impact of Foreigh Direct Investment on New Urbanization

文章在考察外商直接投资对新型城镇化作用机理的基础上,以2011~2020年中国31个省份的面板数据为样本,选用空间杜宾模型实证检验其空间溢出效应,并从区域层面进行异质性检验。研究结果表明:(1)外商直接投资与当地新型城镇化之间存在“先下降、后上升”的非线性关系。东中部地区的外商直接投资对新型城镇化具有促进作用,而西部地区外商直接投资对新型城镇化的负向冲击较大。(2)外商直接投资的流入对新型城镇化发展的影响存在空间外溢效应,且这种空间外溢效应呈现“先下降、后上升”的特征。东部和中部地区与全样本的结果一致,但西部地区不存在显著的溢出效应。(3)产业结构、城乡收入差距、市场化水平及政府支持力度均显著影响外商直接投资流入地新型城镇化的发展水平,不同范围下,上述变量对周边地区新型城镇化的溢出效应具有较大差异。

On the basis of analyzing the mechanism of the effect of Foreign Direct Investment(FDI)on new urbanization,the paper uses the spatial Durbin model to conduct empirical test on its spatial spillover effect and heterogeneity test at the regional level based on the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020.The research shows following results.(1)There is a non-linear relationship of“falling first,then rising”between FDI and local new urbanization.FDI in the eastern and central regions promote the new urbanization level,while the new urbanization in the western region suffers more from the negative impacts.(2)There is a spatial spillover effect of FDI inflows on new urbanization development,and this effect also shows a significant characteristic of“falling first,then rising”.The research by regions shows that the results in the eastern and central regions are consistent with those in the full sample,but there is no significant spillover effect in the western region.(3)Industrial structure,urban-rural income disparity,marketization level and government support all significantly affect the development level of new urbanization in FDI inflow regions,and the spillover effects of the above variables on new urbanization in neighboring areas differ significantly in different ranges.