飞机机内无线通信网络架构与接入控制算法研究

Study on Wireless Communication Network Architecture and Access Control Algorithm in Aircraft

随着航空电子系统的快速发展,大量设备和传感器接入机内网络,这使得飞机机内通信网络的体系结构变得复杂而繁重。无线通信网络代替机内有线通信网络,能有效解决布线繁杂、重量大、线路故障检测困难等诸多问题。然而,无线网络在实时性、可靠性等方面仍有一定的限制,而这又恰恰是机载互连系统最关心的问题。对此,文中对现有的机内有线通信网络架构进行了分析,根据其通信特点设计了无线接入网络-有线骨干网络的混合通信网络架构;对候选的无线通信方案进行了评估和选取;将无线网络的接入固定时隙改进为按流量进行动态分配,建立了动态时隙分配问题的数学模型,设计了TDMA周期以及最优时隙分配策略;最后,一个典型的机载网络任务表明,在保证系统可调度的前提下,该策略可将网络利用率从36.5%提升到41.8%,验证了该方法的有效性。

With the rapid development of avionics system, a large number of devices and sensors are connected to the in-plane network, which makes the architecture of the in-plane communication network complex and heavy.Wireless communication network can effectively solve many problems, such as complicated wiring, heavy weight and difficult line fault detection.However, wireless network still has certain limitations in real-time and reliability, which is precisely the most concerned problem of airborne interconnection system.In this paper, the existing wired communication network architecture is analyzed, a hybrid communication network architecture of wireless access network and wired backbone network is designed according to its communication characteristics.The candidate wireless communication schemes are evaluated and selected.The fixed time slot of wireless network access is improved to dynamic allocation according to traffic, the mathematical model of dynamic time slot allocation is established, and the TDMA period and the optimal time slot allocation strategy are designed.Finally, a typical airborne network task shows that the strategy can improve the network utilization rate from 36.5% to 41.8% on the premise of ensuring that the system is schedulable, which verifies the effectiveness of the method.