政务数据权配置的前提性研究

Research on the Premise of Government Data Rights Allocation

政务数据蕴含着丰富的经济价值、社会价值、政治价值,是数字政府建设重要的数据来源,因而,需要对政务数据权配置问题进行厘清。政务数据权的配置包括确定政务数据权的性质和由谁享有的问题,是对政务数据进行保护的逻辑起点和建立政务数据流通规则的前提条件,是更好地开展政务数据开放共享工作的基础要件。政务数据权配置的前提性问题是需要界定政务数据、政府数据、公共数据三者之间的关系。此外,基于政务数据本身所具有的公共性、可再生性、价值的动态性,政务数据权需要基于其本身所具有的特点予以归属界定。通过对现行规范进行梳理,分析政务数据权归属于国家的正当性、必要性、可行性,以待实现政务数据权归属于国家的证成。

Government data contains rich economic value, social value and political value, and is an important data source for digital government construction. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the allocation of government data rights.The allocation of government data rights includes determining the nature of government data rights and the problem of who enjoys them. It is the logical starting point for the protection of government data and the prerequisite for the establishment of government data circulation rules, and is the basic requirement for better carrying out the opening and sharing of government data.The premise of the allocation of government data rights is to define the relationship between government data, government data and public data.In addition, based on the public nature, renewability and dynamic value nature of government data itself, the right of government data should be defined based on its own characteristics.By sorting out the current norms, the legitimacy, necessity and feasibility of government data right to the state are analyzed, so as to realize the certification of government data right to the state.