船舶油污水处理技术研究与应用进展

Progress in research and application of ship oil sewage treatment technology

船舶作为交通运输中的重要工具,同时也逐渐成为一种新的流动污染源.随着船舶数量的增加,排放的船舶污水对水环境的影响变得不容忽视.船舶含油污水是船舶污水中水量较大、危害性较高的一类废水,主要来源于船舶的机舱舱底水、油船的压载水和洗舱水.该类废水中的污染物大多具有毒性,同时易产生油膜覆盖水面阻止氧气进入水体,从而危害水生生物的生长发育和繁殖.因此,船舶含油污水的处理受到广泛关注.文中通过查阅国内外相关文献资料,对船舶含油污水处理工艺及理论方法进行总结分析,并指出了其未来发展趋势.综述内容可为船舶含油污水处理工艺的开发和应用提供理论和技术支撑.

The ship,as an important means of transportation,has gradually become a new mobile source of pollution.The influence of discharged ship sewage on the water environment cannot be ignored with the increase of ships.Oily wastewater from ships is a kind of wastewater with large quantity and high harmfulness,which mainly comes from the bilge water of engine room,ballast water of oil tanker and tank washing.Most of the pollutants in this kind of wastewater are toxic and easy to produce oil film covering the water surface,preventing oxygen from entering the water body and seriously harming the growth,development and reproduction of aquatic organisms.Therefore,the treatment of oily sewage from ships has attracted more and more attention.This paper summarized and analyzed the treatment technology and theoretical method of oily sewage from ships by consulting relevant literatures,and pointed out its future development trend.The review can provide theoretical and technical support for the development and application of oily sewage treatment process.