我国农村散养户非洲猪瘟疫情防控风险研究

A Study on the Prevention and Control of African Swine Fever Among Rural Free-Range Farmers in China

在非洲猪瘟对我国生猪产业产生巨大冲击的背景下,生猪生产恢复的相关扶持政策主要面向规模化养殖的企业集团,而对农村养殖户的关注较少。该文以行政村村委、兽医对农村散养户生猪养殖的管控和农村散养户自身的防控为主要研究对象,通过梳理对比非洲猪瘟疫情在国内的传播过程以及各级政府的防控政策,选取广西恭城县A村的防控现状进行实际调研,研究农村地区防控中的问题与对策。结果发现:①上级政府及其政策对规模化养殖关注和扶持较多,对农村散养关注较少;②农村疫情防控力量薄弱;③村委在政策执行中存在惰性;④兽医本身履职能力不够,履职态度不端正;⑤农村养殖户信息获取不足。针对上述问题,该文提出了解决问题的办法和建议。

In the background of the huge impact of African swine fever on China’s hog industry,the relevant support policies for hog production recovery are mainly oriented to enterprise groups with large-scale farming,while less attention is paid to rural farmers.This paper takes the control of administrative village committees and veterinarians on rural free-range pig breeding and the prevention and control of rural free-range farmers themselves as the main research objects.By combing and comparing the process of the spread of African swine fever in China and the prevention and control policies of governments at all levels,the current situation of prevention and control in village A of Gongcheng County,Guangxi was selected for actual research to study the problems and countermeasures in prevention and control in rural areas.The results found that(1)Superior governments and their policies pay more attention and support to large-scale farming and less to rural free-range farming;(2)rural epidemic prevention and control forces are weak;(3)village committees are inert in policy implementation;(4)veterinarians themselves are not competent enough to perform their duties and have an improper attitude in performing their duties;and(5)rural farmers have insufficient access to information.In response to the above problems,the paper proposes solutions and suggestions to solve the problems.