中国社区灾害风险治理公众参与调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis on Public Participation in Community Disaster Risk Governance in China

为了了解我国灾害风险治理公众参与的实际情况,采用问卷调查方法对我国公众参与理念、参与意愿、参与能力、参与程度、参与行为和参与效果进行调查和分析。调查结果表明,公众参与意识理念总体上有所好转,但仍需进一步提高参与意识和转变参与理念;公众有着较强的参与意愿,但参与程度和参与能力仍然比较低;应急活动教育培训存在着许多问题,其实效性不高仍是影响公众参与效果的主要因素。最后从应急管理模式、政策体系、教育培训等方面提出了提升公众参与程度和效果的建议。

In order to understand the actual situation of public participation in disaster risk governance in China,We conducted a survey and analysis on the concept,willingness,abilities degree,behaviors and effects of public participation in China by means of questionnaire.The survey results show that the overall concept of public participation has improved,but it is still need to further improve the sense of participation and change the concept of participation;the public has a strong willingness to participate,but the degree and capacity of participation is still relatively low;there are many problems in contingency education and training,its low effectiveness of emergency activities is still the main factor affecting the public participation.Finally,some suggestions on how to enhance public participation and effectiveness are put forward from the aspects of emergency management mode,policy system,education and training.