穴盘苗整排顶苗机构的优化设计与仿真分析

Optimization Design and Simulation Analysis of Whole-row Seedling Top Mechanism of Plug Seedling

穴盘苗育苗移栽技术是新疆地区经济作物增产的重要环节。为了提高穴盘苗移栽效率,设计了一种整排顶苗机构,利用解析法建立了顶苗机构各主要结构参数之间的关系,结合顶苗作业要求及机构特点,基于MATLAB软件开发了机构分析软件,采用人机交互方式对机构参数进行优化,得到一组较优参数:偏心圆盘偏心距e=22mm,偏心圆盘半径R=36mm,整体式连杆BC段长度lBC=74mm,顶杆长度lDE=90mm。根据参数优化结果建立了顶苗机构虚拟样机模型,通过ADAMS软件对顶苗机构运动过程进行仿真分析,得到顶杆末端位移和速度随时间变化规律曲线,结果表明,顶苗机构运动平稳,顶杆行程满足顶苗作业要求,验证了机构参数优化结果及零部件结构设计的准确性与合理性。研究结果可为移栽机整排顶苗机构的研发提供参考。

The technology of transplanting plug seedlings is an important part of increasing the production of cash crops in Xinjiang.In order to improve the efficiency of transplanting plug seedlings,a whole-row top seedling mechanism was designed.The relationship between the main structural parameters of the top seedling mechanism is established by the analytical method.Combining the requirements of the topping operation and the characteristics of the mechanism,the mechanism analysis software was developed based on MATLAB software,and the mechanism parameters were optimized by human-computer interaction,and a set of better parameters was obtained:eccentric disc eccentric distance e=22 mm,eccentric disc radius R=36 mm,the length of the integral connecting rod BC section is lBC=74 mm,and the ejector rod length is lDE=90 mm.According to the parameter optimization results,a virtual prototype model of the top seedling mechanism was established.The ADAMS software is used to simulate and analyze the movement process of the ejector mechanism,and obtain the regular curve of the displacement and speed of the ejector rod end with time.The results show that the ejector mechanism moves smoothly,and the ejector stroke meets the requirements of ejection operations,which verifies the accuracy and rationality of the mechanism parameter optimization results and the component structure design.The research results can provide reference for the research and development of the whole row top seedling mechanism of the plug seedling transplanter.