印太还是亚太?——空间演化、地缘重组与区域秩序未来

Indo-Pacific or Asia-Pacific? ——Spatial Evolution,Geographic Reorganization and the Future of Regional Order

自美国推出“印太战略”以来,“印太”成为政策和学术话语中的主导性概念,大有取代“亚太”之势。印太和亚太虽仅一字之别,但其指代的空间秩序大异其趣,印太是源自欧洲-大西洋秩序在亚洲-太平洋地区的延伸和覆盖,而亚太则是亚洲-太平洋自发秩序演化的产物。从长时段而言,亚太地区自然空间的特性规定和框定了地区秩序演化的逻辑。近代以来,欧洲-大西洋秩序强加于太平洋的殖民秩序在20世纪的剧烈革命和战争中崩溃和瓦解,基于列强争霸需要而“设计”出来的印太空间或者太平洋秩序的观念和方案惯性依旧,是亚太秩序生成和演化的时空背景。亚太区域秩序是全球空间、区域互动、大国政治以及国家身份等要素的嵌套与叠加。在全球化之下,亚太秩序有可能超越和克服欧洲-大西洋秩序的零和博弈的逻辑,在互联互通的网络中生成新的基于合作导向的共同身份,构建容纳各方的包容性合作场域,为大国的战略竞合提供新“边疆”。

Since the launch of the Indo-Pacific Strategy, “Indo-Pacific ” has become the dominant concept in policy and academic discourse,and is poised to replace “Asia-Pacific”. Although the words Asia-Pacific and Indo-Pacific are similar,the spatial order they refer to is very different,as “Indo-Pacific”is an extension and coverage of the EuroAtlantic order in the Asia-Pacific region,while Asia-Pacific is a product of the spontaneous evolution of the Asia-Pacific order. In modern times,the colonial order imposed on the Pacific by the Euro-Atlantic order collapsed and disintegrated during the violent revolutions and wars of the 20thcentury. The inertia of the concept and scheme of the Indo-Pacific space or Pacific order remains,which was“designed”based on the need for hegemony of the powers,and is the spatial and temporal context for the creation and evolution of the Asia-Pacific order. The Asia-Pacific regional order is a nesting and superposition of global space,regional interaction,great power politics and national identity. Under globalization,the Asia-Pacific order has the potential to transcend and overcome the logic of the zero-sum game of the Euro-Atlantic order,to create a new cooperation-oriented common identity in a network of interconnectedness,to build an inclusive cooperation field for all parties,and to provide a new “frontier”for strategic competition among major powers.