机械通气患者呼出气冷凝液检测研究进展

Research progress on detection of exhaled breath condensate in patients underwent mechanically ventilated

呼出气冷凝液(EBC)是呼出气与相对低温的表面接触冷却后获得的液体或固体形式的呼吸道标本,含有多种炎症、氧化应激标志物,并可携带病毒、细菌等病原体,是判断肺部炎症的有效手段之一,已被广泛应用于免疫、炎症性疾病的临床研究。机械通气是改善危重患者通气和氧合的一种生命支持方式,但存在导致呼吸机相关性肺损伤和呼吸机相关性肺炎等并发症的风险。呼出气冷凝液采集方便、实时、安全,在机械通气患者中可以用于早期识别肺部炎症或微生态改变,具有很大的应用潜力。本文从机械通气患者呼出气冷凝液常见检测项目及其临床应用两方面予以综述,以便更好地利用这一技术,为疾病的诊断、预测、评估提供新思路。

Exhaled breath condensate(EBC)is a liquid or solid respiratory specimen obtained after exhaled gas is cooled in contact with a relatively low-temperature surface.It contains a variety of markers of inflammation and oxidative stress,can carry pathogens such as viruses and bacteria,is one of the effective means to elevate pulmonary inflammation,and has been widely used in the clinical research of immune and inflammatory diseases.Mechanical ventilation is a way of life support to improve ventilation and oxygenation in critically ill patients,but there is a risk of complications such as ventilator-induced lung injury and ventilator-associated pneumonia.The EBC can be used for early identification of pulmonary inflammation or microecological changes in mechanically ventilated patients and has great application potential due to its convenience,real-time,and safety of collection.This article reviewed the common detection items and clinical application of EBC in mechanically ventilated patients,in order to make better use of this technique and provide new ideas for the diagnosis,prediction and evaluation of diseases in mechanically ventilated patients.