成都市某社区居民高血压认知现状及影响因素分析

Cognitive status and influencing factors of hypertension amongst residents in a community in Chengdu

目的 了解成都市某社区居民高血压认知现状,分析其主要影响因素,为社区高血压防控工作提供一定的参考。方法 于2021年1-3月采用多阶段整群随机抽样从成都市12个辖区中随机抽取某个社区400名18岁以上居民作为调查对象,采用自行设计的调查问卷对其进行面对面访谈和问卷调查,问卷内容包括个人基本信息、高血压相关知识和高血压相关知识获取途径,使用二元logistic回归进行影响因素分析。本次调查共发放问卷400份,回收有效问卷387份,有效回收率为96.75%。结果 成都市某社区居民高血压相关知识总体知晓率为57.67%,其中基础知识知晓率为54.99%,危险因素知识知晓率为58.36%,并发症知识知晓率为50.71%,预防知识知晓率为66.80%。高血压相关知识总体及格率为50.13%,不同性别、年龄段、受教育程度、职业、月平均收入、婚姻状况、医保类型、家族史的居民高血压相关知识及格率差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),其中受教育程度、职业、医保类型、家族史是高血压相关知识及格率的主要影响因素(均P<0.05)。亲友近邻(66.93%)、医务人员(51.42%)、广播电视(51.16%)、报纸杂志(44.70%)、互联网络(35.66%)是获取高血压相关知识的主要途径,而社区宣教(24.29%)、健康讲座(14.99%)和专家咨询(11.37%)则明显不足。结论 成都市某社区居民高血压总体认知水平较差,对高血压相关知识掌握不够全面,社区需进一步加强高血压防控知识的宣传教育。

Objective To understand the cognitive status of hypertension amongst residents in a community in Chengdu and analyse its main influencing factors to provide some reference for the prevention and control of hypertension in the community.Methods From January to March 2021,400 residents over the age of 18 in a community were randomly selected from 12 districts of Chengdu through multistage cluster random sampling.Face-to-face interviews and questionnaires were conducted with self-designed questionnaires,including personal basic information,hypertension-related knowledge,and access to hypertension-related knowledge.Chi-square test was used for intergroup comparison,and the influencing factors were analyzed by binary logistic regression.A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed,and 387 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 96.75%.Results The overall awareness rate of hypertension-related knowledge of residents in a community in Chengdu was 57.67%,including 54.99%of basic knowledge,58.36%of risk factors,50.71%of complications,and 66.80%of prevention knowledge.The overall pass rate of hypertension-related knowledge was 50.13%.Significant differences existed in the pass rate of hypertension-related knowledge amongst residents of different gender,age group,education level,occupation,monthly average income,marital status,medical insurance type,and family history(all P<0.05).Amongst them,education level,occupation,medical insurance type,and family history were the main factors influencing the pass rate of hypertension-related knowledge(all P<0.05).Relatives,friends and close neighbors(66.93%),medical personnel(51.42%),radio and television(51.16%),newspapers and magazines(44.70%),and Internet(35.66%)were the main ways to obtain hypertension-related knowledge,whereas community publicity and education(24.29%),health lectures(14.99%),and expert consultation(11.37%)were obviously insufficient.Conclusion The overall cognition level of hypertension in the studied community in Chengdu is poor,and the knowledge of hypertension is not sufficiently comprehensive.The publicity and education of hypertension prevention and control knowledge in the community must be further strengthened.