污染环境罪入罪标准及其认定--评两高2016年污染环境罪司法解释

Research on Standard of Environmental Pollution Crime-Comment on the First Judicial Interpretation of Environmental Pollution Crime Issued by the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate in 2016

2016年两高污染环境罪司法解释的出台,为一直存在争议的污染环境罪的入罪标准提供指导。然而司法解释在实践中却引发新的适用争议,其缘由既有司法解释准立法化的原因,也有立法规范不明确的原因。为实现污染环境罪的正确适用,应结合《刑法修正案(十一)》重新理解环境立法与司法解释之关系,确定环境法益具体危险的入罪标准,并在司法认定中正确把握入罪中的具体危险和因果关系等要素,同时也应在制度上减少“规定”“解释”等准立法形式的司法解释,引入污染环境案例指导制度和相关专家制度,真正实现污染环境罪的正确适用。

The judicial interpretation of environmental pollution crime issued in 2016 provides guidance for the trial of environmental pollution crime.However,the judicial interpretation has caused new application disputes.The reasons are as follows:judicial interpretation exceeds the authority;the current legislative norms are not perfect.In order to apply the crime of environmental pollution correctly,we should understand the relationship between environmental legislation and judicial interpretation in combination with N011 Criminal Law Amendment,determine the standard of incriminating the specific danger of environmental legal interest,correctly grasp the specific danger and causality in judicial determination,and reduce judicial interpretation in the form of“provision”and“interpretation”.The introduction of environmental pollution case guidance system and related expert system can truly achieve the correct application of environmental pollution crime.