环境友好型消毒剂PHMB-HCl的合成工艺优化

Optimization of Synthesis Process of Environment-Friendly Disinfectant PHMB-HCl

PHMB-HCl是一种广谱胍类消毒剂,具有较强的抗菌和杀菌活性,是一种对人体安全无毒的环境友好型消毒剂。本文以1,6-己二胺、盐酸为原料制备己二胺盐酸盐,再与二氰二胺先后发生加成反应、缩聚反应,生成聚六亚甲基双胍盐酸盐(PHMB-HCl)。该合成路线包括成盐、加成、缩聚三个步骤,在走通该合成路线的基础上,对反应温度、反应物摩尔比、反应溶剂、反应时间等进行优化,最佳条件分别为缩聚温度170℃、1,6-己二胺盐酸盐与二氰二胺的摩尔比为1.0∶1.1、反应溶剂为20 mL正丁醇、加成反应时间10 h,经红外光谱验证产品包含胍基结构。本研究得到了更为简单、便捷、成本更低的合成路线。

PHMB-HCl is a broad-spectrum guanidine disinfectant with strong antibacterial and bactericidal activity.It is an environment-friendly disinfectant that is safe and non-toxic to the human body.In this paper,hexamethylenediamine hydrochloride is prepared from 1,6-hexamethylenediamine and hydrochloric acid,which is then subjected to addition reaction and polycondensation reaction with dicyandiamine to generate polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride(PHMB-HCl).The synthesis route includes three steps of salt formation,addition and polycondensation.On the basis of going through the synthesis route,the synthesis process is optimized,including the optimization of reaction temperature,molar ratio of reactants,reaction solvent,reaction time.The optimal conditions are the polycondensation temperature of 170℃,the molar ratio of 1,6-hexanediamine hydrochloride to dicyandiamine of 1.0∶1.1,the reaction solvent of 20 mL of n-butanol,and the reaction time of 10 h.It is verified by infrared spectroscopy that the product contained a guanidine structure.In this study,a simpler,more convenient and lower-cost synthetic route is obtained.