存在的真实与生命的深邃——以《庄子》中“酒”为中心的讨论

The Truth of Existence and Profoundness of Life——A Discussion Centered on "Wine" in Zhuangzi

《庄子》中“梦饮酒”的故事以梦和酒的诗意牵连为意境,彰显出人自身生存真实与深邃的一个掉转,即以无梦之觉为生存真实,反而是虚妄的生存;而以人生为不可彻知的梦境,反而是生存的真实。由此,《庄子》以酒意作为生存的纯粹而敞开生存自身,以跃入真实与深邃之中。而与权力纠合的肉,尤其以仁义来矫饰权—肉纠合,则败坏了酒,扭曲并遮蔽了生存。拒斥仁义与权力的沆瀣,返归酒的纯粹,也就是回到人生存的自然。人自身存在的自然、纯粹即是净洁的存在,也就是酒意迷醉与诗意盎然牵连一体而敞开着人自身生存的深邃性。如此深邃性,也就是自身与无限天地整体性境域的一并敞开,借由海德格尔对于动物性迷醉的存在活动之分析,如此双重敞开被领悟为返回到自身与天地及其万物的自然与深邃之中。

The story of "dreams of drinking" in Zhuangzi takes the poetic connection between dream and wine as its artistic conception,which reveals a change between the reality of human existence and the profoundness of human existence. That is,the dreamless consciousness is the reality of existence,but the false existence. However,the dream of life is the reality of existence. Therefore,Zhuangzi takes wine as the purity of existence and opens existence itself to the truth and profoundness. The flesh of power,especially when it is preened with benevolence and righteousness,corrupts wine,distorts and obscures existence. Rejecting the complicity of benevolence and power,we return to the purity of wine,that is,to the nature of human existence. The natural and pure existence of human beings is pure and clean,that is,drunkenness and poetry are implicated and open the profoundness of human being’s own existence.Such profoundness is the simultaneous opening of oneself and the whole field of infinite heaven and earth. Through Heidegger’s analysis of the existing activities of animal intoxication,such double opening is understood as returning to the nature and profoundness of oneself,heaven and earth and all things.