超声乳化吸除术联合人工晶体植入术治疗糖尿病合并白内障疗效分析

Efficacy Analysis of Phacoemulsification Combined with Intraocular Lens Implantation in Treatment of Diabetes Complicated with Cataract

目的:分析超声乳化吸除术联合人工晶体植入术治疗糖尿病合并白内障后的临床效果。方法:选取2020年4月-2021年4月博罗县人民医院收治的白内障患者80例,根据白内障合并糖尿病与单纯白内障类型不同分为观察组与对照组,各40例。均采取白内障超声乳化吸除术及人工晶体植入术进行治疗,观察组联用二甲双胍或胰岛素等药物降糖治疗,比较组间应用效果。结果:两组平均超声能量、平均超声时间及有效超声时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组术后30 d、90 d的黄斑厚度水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后1 d、7 d、30 d的最佳矫正视力水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后1 d、7 d、30 d、90 d眼表疾病指数评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后7 d、30 d、90 d角膜知觉水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基层医院通过超声乳化术及人工晶体植入术对老年复杂性白内障患者进行治疗,能够获得良好的临床效果及预后,但糖尿病能够增加治疗难度,影响治疗效果。

Objective: To analyze the clinical effect of phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation in treatment of diabetes complicated with cataract. Methods: A total of 80 cataract patients admitted to Boluo County People′s Hospital from April 2020 to April 2021 were selected and divided into an observation group and a control group according to the type of cataract complicated with diabetes mellitus and simple cataract, with 40 cases in each group. All patients were treated with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation, and the observation group was treated with metformin or insulin and other drugs for hypoglycemic treatment. The application effects were compared between groups. Results: There was no significant difference in the average ultrasonic energy, average ultrasonic time and effective ultrasonic time between the two groups (P>0.05). The macular thickness level of the observation group was higher than that of the control group at 30 d and 90 d after operation, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);the best corrected visual acuity of the observation group was lower than that of the control group at 1 d, 7 d, and 30 d after operation, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);the ocular surface disease index scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group at 1 d, 7 d, 30 d and 90 d after operation, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was statistical significance (P<0.05);the corneal perception level of the observation group at 7 d, 30 d and 90 d after operation was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in primary hospitals can achieve good clinical effect and prognosis in the treatment of elderly patients with complex cataract, but diabetes can increase the difficulty of treatment and affect the treatment effect.