自动驾驶汽车车外人机交互研究及思考

Study and Thought on the eHMI of Automated Vehicles

自动驾驶汽车有望在不久的将来正式大量投入交通中,这会导致弱势道路使用者与传统汽车(有驾驶员)形成的固定交互模式的改变。因此,自动驾驶汽车设计师目前面临的一个挑战是如何设计自动驾驶汽车,使其能够安全直观地与弱势道路使用者进行交互。本文针对此问题,开展自动驾驶汽车车外人机交互研究。首先,分析了自动驾驶汽车车外人机交互的最新研究成果,总结了车外人机交互中的信任度和接受度、特征以及技术支撑。然后,提出了车外人机交互设计思路,目的是提升弱势道路使用者对自动驾驶汽车的信任度,内容包含隐性设计和显性设计,隐性设计主要通过车辆运动信息表现,显性设计主要通过视觉、听觉和触觉3个维度表现,具体表现形式为投影、文本、符号、拟人化、灯光、声音、穿戴设备。最后,提出了弱势道路交通使用者人群特性、使用环境、隐性设计、显示时机、社会影响5个设计关注项。

Automated vehicles(AVs)are expected to be heavily invested in traffic in the near future,which will lead to the change of fixed interaction mode between vulnerable road users(VRUs)and traditional drivers.Therefore,a challenge for AVs designers is how to design AVs so that it can interact with VRUs safely and intuitively.To solve this problem,this paper studies about the external Human-Machine Interfaces(eHMI)of AVs.Firstly,the latest research results of eHMI on autopilot vehicles are analyzed,and the trust and acceptability,the characteristics and technical support of eHMI are summarized.Secondly,the design idea of eHMI is proposed:the purpose is to improve VRUs trust in AVs,including implicit design and explicit design.Implicit design is mainly expressed through vehicle motion infonnation,and explicit design is mainly expressed through three dimensions of vision,hearing and touch.The specific forms are projection,text,symbol,personification,light,sound and VRUs wearable devices.Finally,it puts forward five design concerns:VRUs characteristics,environment,implicit design,display timing and social impact.