创新盘活城郊闲置宅基地:农民意愿与影响因素

Revitalizing Rural Residential Land in Suburban Areas: Farmers’ Willingness and Influencing Factors

城郊地区建设用地资源稀缺,进一步盘活闲置宅基地意义重大。由集体经济组织统一盘活村庄闲置宅基地,不但可以降低农民宅基地利用的不确定性和交易成本,还可以发挥规模优势提升宅基地价值,但这一盘活闲置宅基地模式的开展要以农民意愿为前提。研究在理论分析的基础上,基于上海市3100户农户调查数据,考察农户宅基地利用状况以及对将闲置宅基地使用权与处置权流转至集体经济组织统一盘活的意愿与影响因素。研究表明:近一半的样本农户宅基地房屋自住面积小于实际面积,存在再利用潜力;48.58%的农民愿意将宅基地使用权流转至村集体统一利用,44.26%的农户愿意将宅基地处置权交给村集体;拥有商品房的农户以及非农就业农户将闲置宅基地交由村集体统一盘活的意愿更高。此外,可通过建设农村养老社区为农民宅基地的释出及交由村集体统一盘活利用创造条件。

The construction land in suburban area is scarce and it is urgent to release land resources through the revitalization of rural residential land. Revitalizing rural residential land by village collective can not only reduce the uncertainty and transaction cost of farmers’ leasing, but also improves land value due to scale advantage,but this is on the premise of farmers’ will. On the basis of theoretical analysis and using the survey data of 3,100farmers in Shanghai, this study investigates the rural residential land utilization status and the willingness and influencing factors of transferring the right of use and disposal of rural residential land to the village collective. The results show that: nearly half of the sample farmers use less than the actual area of residential land, which indicates the existence of revitalization potential;48.58% of farmers are willing to transfer the right to use the residential land to the village collective, 44.26% are willing to transfer the right to dispose the residential land to the village collective;Farmers with commercial houses and non-agricultural employment have a higher willingness to transfer residential land to the village collective. In addition, rural endowment communities can create conditions for farmers to release residential land and transfer it to village collectives.