中国现代化进程中犯罪类型的波动特征及其原因

On the Unusual Fluctuation of Crime Types and Its Causes in China’s Modernization Process

统计数据表明,伴随着持续的社会转型,中国犯罪类型的结构呈现出危害公共安全及妨害社会管理秩序犯罪的比重趋于增强的态势。究其原因,与公职懈怠、制度落空等治理漏洞不无关系。治理漏洞不仅有损于公共利益,而且忽视了相关群众的期待,易于动摇他们的道德信念,甚至会引发某些深感因治理漏洞而致自身利益受损者的强烈不满,从而发生严重的反社会行为。因此引发的犯罪也可谓是一种“涉众失范型犯罪”。制度规范对权力的控制不够严格是治理漏洞产生的一个重要因素,避免治理漏洞须要强健制度规范的机体,“把权力关进制度的笼子里”。

Statistics show that with the deepening of social transformation, the structure of crime types in ourcountry faces a grim situation that the proportion of crimes endangering public security and disturbing so-cial order is increasing. The reasons are closely related to management loophole, such as slack public ser-vice and failure of the system. Management loophole not only damages public interests, but also ignoresthe sufferings of the masses, which easily destroys the public’s social moral beliefs and arouses the dissat-isfaction of the masses. Therefore, this kind of crime is also a kind of “involving public anomie of-fence.” The breeding of management loophole comes from the defects of institutional norms, so it is nec-essary to strengthen the institutional framework and “put power in the institutional cage” to curb man-agement loophole.