《新刻天下四民便览三台万用正宗》俗字考释九则

Textual Research and Interpretation of Nine Folk Characters In Xin Ke Tian Xia Si Min Bian Lan San Tai Wan Yong Zheng Zong

中国古代通俗类书是保存俗字的重要文献资料之一,可在一定程度上反映底层知识分子和民众的用字面貌,是研究俗字的宝贵材料。明万历二十七年(1599年)余氏三台馆刻本《新刻天下四民便览三台万用正宗》是一部综合性质的通俗类书,内容丰富,俗字众多。本文从中选取“■”“■”“■”“■”“■”“■”“■”“■”“■”共九个字例,结合字典韵书及同时代其他文献中的相关记载,辨别俗字形体并分析其产生原因。

Chinese ancient encyclopedic books are one of the important documents to preserve folk characters, to a certain extent, they can reflect the appearance of the words used by the intellectuals and the people at the bottom, are valuable materials for studying folk characters. Engraved edition of Yu’s Santai hall in the 27 th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty(1599) Xin Ke Tian Xia Si Min Bian Lan San Tai Wan Yong Zheng Zong is a comprehensive encyclopedic book, have substantial content and numerous folk characters. In this paper, we choose “■”(chu)“■”(wa)“■”(jiao)“■”(shua)“■”(shou)“■”(bi)“■”(gang)“■”(yin)“■”(ji) in total nine examples, combined with the relevant records in dictionaries and other contemporary documents, identify the shape of folk characters and analyze their causes.