机器与自然之间——后工业景观再野化的公众感知研究

Between Industrial Remains and the Green——Research on Public Perception of Rewilded Post-industrial Landscape

腾退的工业用地城市为生态再生提供了潜力,后工业景观的再野化随城市新生荒野重建逐渐得到认可。这一场景中包含了具有对抗性质的“工业-自然”二重维度,而公众的接受度和感知情况可作为其可持续转型的循证依据。以不同植物高度、遗存占比、再野化程度、硬质绿地比例、演替程度5个变量构建再野化虚拟场景,以量表调研与眼动实验结合的方式分析“工业-自然”要素构成方式、人工管理介入程度对公众感知的作用机制。结果发现,较高的绿地率、适度再野化与自发演替的场景的公众接受度较高,工业要素对公众的关注兴趣与偏好产生较大作用,“工业-自然”变量与积极-消极感知显著相关,视觉关注数据与公众感知呈现一定相关性。在人因设计视角下研究后工业再野化场景中生态隐喻与工业隐喻,为如何发挥工业用地更新的生态潜力与社会潜力提供借鉴。

Vacated industrial sites provide the potential for urban ecological regeneration and the rewilding of post-industrial landscapes has been gradually recognized along with the regeneration of new urban wilderness. Post-industrial landscape contains an antagonistic "industrial-natural" dual dimension and public acceptance and "positive-negative" perceptions can serve as an evidence-based basis for its sustainable transformation. In this paper, virtual scenarios of rewilding are constructed with five variables: plant heights, percentages of relics, degrees of rewilding, proportions of hard green areas, and degrees of succession. The effect of the "industrial-natural" elements and the degree of artificial management intervention on public perception was analyzed by sorting out scale research and eye movement experiment. The results show that public acceptance of higher percentage of greenness, moderate rewilding and spontaneous succession is higher;industrial elements have a great effect on public preference;"industrial-natural" variables are significantly correlated with positive-negative perceptions, and visual attention data are somewhat correlated with public perceptions. Based on a humanfactor perspective, this paper investigates the different physiological and psychological effects of ecological and industrial metaphors on the public in the post-industrial rewilding scenario, with the aim of providing a reference for how to utilize the ecological and social potential of industrial land regeneration.