山水图绘中的园林模式与空间转换——以三幅北宋立轴为例

Garden Patterns and Spatial Transformation in Landscape Painting——Three Hanging Scrolls from the Northern Song Dynasty as Examples

针对山水图绘与园林空间之间多重结构性关联,通过路径、构图与视觉3组模式解析搭建兼顾绘画与造园的分析框架。以北宋时期3幅经典山水立轴为例,系统梳理其形式结构与文本素材,总结出提示性路径、层化的山体、连续运动视点3组绘画中的模式,并与园林实例进行关联性验证,提出迂回编织布局、空间分隔与渗透、“反衬式”布景3种“绘画-园林”的空间转换方法。在概念层面,并置引介中西方绘画与空间分析法,形成2种话语体系间的互证与互补;在认知层面,重构绘画-空间解读的视角;在方法层面,论述由绘画映射至空间的设计手法。

Aiming to clarify the multiple structural links between landscape painting and garden,this paper is based on the research of three groups of patterns:path,composition and vision,to create an analytical framework that takes into account both painting and gardening.Taking three hanging scrolls from the Northern Song Dynasty as examples,the paper systematically sorts out the formal structures and textual materials,summarizes three groups of garden spatial patterns in painting:suggestive paths,layered hills and continuous movement viewpoints,and verifies their relevance to garden examples,proposing three"painting-garden"spatial transformation methods:circuitous weaving layout,spatial separation and penetration,and contrasting scenery.The juxtaposition of Chinese and Western painting and spatial analysis at the conceptual level forms a cross-evidence and complementarity between the two discourse systems.It reconstructs the perspective of painting-spatial interpretation at the cognitive level and discusses the design approach from painting to space at the methodological level.