基于串级绕组的新型永磁同步电机起动性能分析

Starting Performance Analysis of a Novel Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on the Harmonic-series Winding

针对异步起动永磁同步电机在起动过程中电流大,起动转矩小的问题,本文提出一种串级绕组理论。利用定子串级绕组产生的谐波磁场与转子分匝线圈组相互作用,优化电机的起动性能。文章通过阐述串级绕组理论,给出电机模型与定转子设计方案,并基于等效电路分析样机实际工作原理,最后运用有限元法从样机的转速、空载起动性能、带负载起动、气隙磁密和堵转转矩五个方面进行仿真。试验结果表明,应用串级绕组理论可以在提高起动转矩的同时降低起动电流,抑制起动时定子电流对转子永磁体的退磁效应,并且电机的稳态性能保持不变。

In light of the large starting current and small starting torque of the line-start permanent magnet synchronous motor, a new-type theory of harmonic-series winding was proposed in this passage. The stator coil based on the theory makes multi-pole magnetic field during the starting process, which will interact with the rotor winding used composite structure, and then the starting performance could be optimized. This article provided the prototype model and the design of stator and rotor by elaborating the harmonic-series winding’s theory, and the working principle were analyzed through the equivalent circuit. Using finite element method to calculate the rotate speed, performance at no load starting, starting current on load, air gap magnetic density and test the torque capability when the rotor were locked. Simulation results has verified that adopting this means could decrease starting current and enhance starting torque, which can inhibit the demagnetization of permanent magnet caused by the stator current as well, and prototype’s steady state performance remain constant.