双胎妊娠合并妊娠期糖尿病对围产结局的影响

Influence of twin pregnancy complicated with gestational diabetes mellitus of pregnant women on their perinatal outcomes

目的:探讨双胎妊娠合并妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)对孕妇及双生儿围产结局的影响。方法:回顾性收集2020年1月-2021年10月在本院产科分娩的双胎妊娠合并GDM孕妇89例为GDM组,糖代谢正常的双胎妊娠孕妇89例为对照组。随访并比较两组孕妇围产及双生儿结局。结果:GDM组妊娠期高血压疾病(HDCP)(16.9%)、早产(69.7%)发生率均高于对照组(6.7%、58.4%)(P<0.05),妊娠期高血压(13.5%)、子痫前期(3.4%)、贫血(20.2%)、胎膜早破(20.2%)、羊水过少(4.5%)、产后出血(13.5%)及不良结局评分(1.2±0.3分)与对照组(4.5%、2.3%、25.8%、15.7%、4.5%、12.4%)无差异(P>0.05)。结论:双胎妊娠合并GDM可能增加HDCP和早产发生风险,但对不良围产结局的影响有限。

Objective: To investigate the influence of twin pregnancy complicated with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) of pregnant women on their perinatal outcomes. Methods: A total of 89 pregnant women with twin pregnancy complicated with GDM from January 2020 to October 2021 were collected in study group retrospectively, and 89 twin pregnant women with normal glucose metabolism during the same period were collected in control group. The perinatal outcomes of the women and the twin in the two groups were followed up and compared. Results: The incidences of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy(HDCP, 16.9%) and preterm birth(69.7%) of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those(6.7% and 58.4%) of the women in the control group(P<0.05), but the incidences of gestational hypertension(13.5%), preeclampsia(3.4%), anemia(20.2%), premature rupture of membranes(20.2%), oligohydramnios(4.5%), and postpartum hemorrhage(13.5%) of the women in the study group had no significantly different from those(4.5%, 2.3%, 25.8%, 15.7%, 4.5%, and 12.4%) of the women in the control group, the score of adverse outcomes(1.2±0.3 points) of the women in the study group had also no significantly different from that of the women in the control group(P>0.05). Conclusion: Twin pregnancy complicated with GDM of the pregnant women may increase their risks of HDCP and preterm birth, but has a limited effect on their adverse perinatal outcomes.