从萨满到技术萨满的身体旅程:有关元宇宙的跨媒介表演

Corporeal Shift from Shamanism to Technoshamanism: The Intermedial Performance of Metaverse

当代“元宇宙”试图统合虚拟空间和现实世界的努力,极似传统社会中人们从观念上创造的现实世界和信仰世界的联结。传统社会的萨满法师以身体为媒介沟通万物,如今,基于虚拟技术的“数据躯体”则成为了元宇宙的“通灵媒介”,人类在技术的加持下走向“技术萨满”时代。从萨满到技术萨满的转向是身体的一次跨媒介表演,也反映了媒介重塑人类主体性的过程。本文对原始社会的萨满行为进行回溯,认为元宇宙的内在逻辑传承自萨满以来沟通叙事的努力,萨满运行所依据的身体性以及依托于身体感知的现象学也是当代元宇宙得以建构的根本所在。

The effort made by Metaverse to integrate the virtual and the real worlds is similar to the traditional shamanism that attempts to bridge the reality and the religious imagination. A shaman in traditional society typically uses his/her body as medium to reach other living/lifeless objects physically or spiritually. Nowadays, the so-called "data body" based on virtual technology has become the main medium of Metaverse, showing the shift from the shamanism to technoshamanism. In this process, an intermedial performance of body occurs so that human subjectivity is also altered. In this sense, an introspect to traditional shamanism might help to understand today’s metaverse.