我国大学二级学院职能虚化的原因及对策

The Causes and Countermeasures of Secondary Colleges’ Functions’ Formalization in China

以某部属高校为例,通过深度访谈分析得出,我国大学二级学院普遍存在职能虚化问题,主要体现为权力配置虚化、责任落实虚化、利益分配虚化。造成大学二级学院职能虚化的根本原因在于大学与二级学院之间的定位、职能、权力边界没有清晰界定,主要表现为:校院关系不对等,二级学院存在“等要靠”的路径依赖;校院职责同构,二级学院的学术特性被行政结构消解;资源配置碎片化,二级学院的统筹整合能力缺失;校院权责边界不清,二级学院的主体责任弱化;大学自上而下的单向度评价,使得二级学院服务职能异化等。要积极构建“整体性”二级学院,通过赋予二级学院重大事务决策权、构建多元共治的院系治理体系、加强校院职能的整合与优化、完善办学主体责任的多元化监督与考核机制、为师生提供无缝对接的服务等途径,实现二级学院职能的实质性发挥。

This paper took the college affiliated to a ministry for example to discover the formalization of colleges organizational functions are mainly reflected in the virtual allocation of power, the virtualimplementation of responsibility and thevirtual distribution of interests with in-depth interview analysis.The fundamental reason is that the positioning, functions and power boundaries between universities and colleges are not clearly defined.Specifically, the relationship between universities and secondary colleges is unequal, the colleges have “equal dependence” path dependence, the responsibilities of universities and colleges are isomorphic, the academic characteristics of colleges are eliminated, the resource allocation is fragmented, the overall integration ability of colleges is lacking, the responsibility boundary of universities and colleges is unclear, the main responsibility of colleges is weakened, and the evaluation system is one-way and top-down, service functions of colleges is alienate, etc.This paper holds that “Holistic College” should be built to realize the functions of secondary colleges effectually by giving secondary colleges the decision-making power of major affairs, building a multi governance system, strengthening the integration and optimization of the colleges functions, improving the diversified supervision and assessment mechanism for the responsibilities of colleges, and strengthening the needs and problem orientation of teachers and students.