著作权权利限制视角下突发事件时期高校信息化教学的法律治理模式

Legal Governance Model of Information Technology-enhanced Teaching in Universities During Emergencies from Perspective of Copyright Rights Restriction

在突发事件时期,信息化教学手段的运用面临更为严峻的著作权侵权问题。我国2020年修正的《著作权法》关于著作权权利限制的调整在规制手段、规制模式、规制理念上仍有不足,体现为立法规范开放性程度较低、采用一元化立法模式、一般状态下的权利限制规制思路单一等,无法有效处理高校信息化教学在突发事件时期权利限制中个人权利与公共利益之间的冲突,需要通过制度的设计实现平衡,从而达致突发事件时期的教育目标。基于理念维度、制度维度与界限维度的分析框架,《著作权法》对于著作权权利限制的法律治理模式应当区分一般状态和特殊状态,采用二元化立法模式,扩大特殊状态下公益团体的使用权利,并辅之以补偿金、保证金等调节手段,有效平衡数字化和特殊化语境下著作权保护中个人权利与公共利益的关系。

During the period of emergencies, the use of information-based teaching means faces more serious copyright infringement problems. The Copyright Law amended in 2020 is still inadequate in terms of regulation means, regulation mode and regulation concept, which is reflected in the low degree of openness of legislative regulation, the adoption of monolithic legislative mode, and the single idea of regulation of rights restriction in general, which cannot effectively deal with the conflict between individual rights and public interests in the restriction of rights of informatization teaching in colleges and universities in the period of emergencies. In order to achieve the goal of education in times of emergencies, it is necessary to achieve a balance through the design of the system. Based on the analysis framework of conceptual dimension, institutional dimension and boundary dimension, the Copyright Law should distinguish the general state and special state, adopt a dualistic legislative model, expand the use rights of public interest groups in the special state, and supplement with such regulatory measures as compensation and deposit, so as to effectively balance the relationship between individual rights and public interests in copyright protection in the digital and special contexts. Also, the relationship between individual rights and public interests in the context of digitalization and specialization.