水分胁迫对北柴胡生理特性和柴胡皂苷含量的影响

Effect of water stress on physiological characteristics and saikosaponin contents in Bupleurum chinense

以北柴胡(Bupleurum chinense DC.)二年生幼苗为试验材料,采用盆栽称重控水法,研究4种土壤水分处理(田间持水量的30%、50%、70%和90%)对北柴胡生理特性和柴胡皂苷含量的影响。结果表明,轻度干旱胁迫显著增加柴胡根冠比、柴胡皂苷a和总皂苷的含量,重度干旱胁迫显著增加柴胡体内可溶性糖、脯氨酸、丙二醛、柴胡皂苷d和总皂苷的含量,可溶性蛋白质和FW/BW(自由水/结合水)随着干旱胁迫程度的增加逐渐减小。综合分析认为,柴胡具有一定的耐旱性;轻度干旱胁迫有利于柴胡根冠比的提高和柴胡皂苷的积累,而土壤水分过多则不利于柴胡根系生长和柴胡皂苷的积累。因此,人工栽培柴胡时应采用科学合理的控水方式,避免低洼易积水地块,在保障植物正常生长时也能够促进柴胡有效成分的积累,提高柴胡的产量和品质。

Taking 2-year-old seedlings of Bupleurum chinense as experimental materials,the effects of four treatments of soil water stress(30%,50%,70%and 90%of field capacity)on the physiological characteristics and saikosaponin content of Bupleurum chi⁃nense were studied by potted water control.The results showed that light drought stress significantly increased the root to shoot ratio,the content of saikosaponin a and total saikosaponin in Bupleurum chinense and severe drought stress significantly increased the con⁃tent of soluble sugar,proline,malondialdehyde,saikosaponin d and total saikosaponin in Bupleurum chinense.Soluble protein and FW/BW(free water/bound water)decreased with the increasing degree of drought stress.Comprehensive analysis showed that Bupleu⁃rum chinense had a certain drought tolerance;light drought stress was beneficial to the increase of root to shoot ratio and the accumula⁃tion of saikosaponin,while excessive soil moisture was unbeneficial to the root growth of Bupleurum chinense and the accumulation of saikosaponin.Therefore,scientific and reasonable water control methods should be adopted during the artificial cultivation period of Bupleurum chinense,and low lying and waterlogged lands should be avoided.The accumulation of effective components in Bupleurum chinense should also be promoted when ensuring the normal growth of plants,for improving the yield and quality of Bupleurum chinense finally.