行政审批制度改革对企业成长的影响--基于民企与国企的比较

The Influence of Administrative Reform of Examination and Approval on Firm Growth:Based on the Comparative Study of Private Enterprises and State-Owned Enterprises in China

新形势下中国营商环境优化改革有助于推进经济健康发展。中国地级市行政审批制度改革为考察营商环境优化对不同产权性质企业成长的差异化影响提供了制度场景。实证研究发现:相比国有企业,行政审批制度改革所引致的“制度红利”更有利于促进民营企业成长;与高科技行业相比,“制度红利”对民营企业成长的促进效应在非高科技行业更强;行政审批制度改革通过促进销售增长、增加投资支出和营业收入及降低代理成本等途径对民营企业成长产生影响。当下,应深入推进营商环境优化,将更重要的行政审批权和更具针对性的权力下放到位,使民营企业获得更多“制度红利”。

Under the new situation,the optimization reform of the business environment helps promote the healthy development of the private economy in China.The staggered implementation of administrative approval institution reform in prefecture-level cities has pro-vided a perfect institutional scenario for investigating the mechanism of the optimization reform of administrative reform of examination and approval affecting the private firm growth in China.The empirical study shows that the"institutional dividends"caused by the re-form of the administrative approval institutions have a stronger boosting effect on private firm growth compared with SOEs.Compared with SOEs,the"institutional dividends"mainly come from non-high-tech industries.The main channels that affect private firm growth include promoting sales growth,increasing investment expenditure,increasing business income,and reducing agency costs.At present,we should further promote the optimization reform of the business environment,decentralize more important administrative ex-amination and approval power and more targeted power,and make private firms obtain more institutional dividends.