冠状动脉钙化病变血管成形术中球囊的应用现状

Application of Balloon in Angioplasty for Calcified Coronary Artery

严重钙化的冠状动脉病变被认为是经皮冠状动脉介入治疗过程中最具挑战的病变之一。钙化通常会阻碍球囊扩张、损害支架梁和聚合物涂层,进而导致临床治疗效果变差,甚至无法完成手术。因此钙化斑块的预处理非常必要,因而针对不同类型的钙化病变,选择正确的冠脉血管成形术球囊,成为新的研究内容。从结构信息、应用现状并结合计算机仿真实验,综述经皮冠状动脉介入治疗中钙化病变血管成形术预处理选用球囊,包括切割球囊、棘突球囊等;阐述计算机仿真实验在指导钙化斑块经皮冠状动脉内腔血管成形术时球囊选择中的价值。

Severe calcified coronary artery lesions are one of the most challenging lesions during percutaneous coronary intervention. Calcification often impedes balloon dilation and has the stent beams and polymer coatings damaged, leading to poor clinical outcomes or even failure to complete the surgery. Therefore, preprocessing of calcified plaques is necessary, and how to select the right coronary angioplasty balloon for the preprocessing of different calcified lesions has become a new research topic. Based on structure information, application status, and computer simulation experiments, this paper summarized the balloon applied in angioplasty for calcified lesions in percutaneous coronary intervention including cutting balloon, lacrosse NSE balloon. The value of the computer simulation experiment in guiding the balloon selection during percutaneous coronary endovascular angioplasty for calcified plaques was proposed as well.