滇西南地区蚁科昆虫区系分析

Analysis on the Fauna of Formicidae Insects from Southwestern Yunnan

【目的】全面揭示滇西南蚂蚁区系特点。【方法】2020年6—7月和2021年6月,采用样地调查法和区系分析法对滇西南地区的蚂蚁区系进行研究。【结果】共记录10亚科74属220种蚂蚁,东洋界分布种占绝对优势(220种,占100.0%),古北界分布种位居第2(88种,占40.0%)。在中国动物地理区划中,滇西南地区蚂蚁区系具有典型华南区特征(220种),与西南区(150种)关系最密切,与东北区(6种)关系最疏远。【结论】从北向南随着纬度降低,蚂蚁物种丰富度增加,古北界分布种比例依次递减,东洋界分布种比例依次递增。滇西南地区水热条件优越,为蚂蚁群落的生存繁衍提供了优越条件,丰富的热带和南亚热带植被为华南区物种提供了良好的栖息生境。

[Purpose]To completely reveal the ant fauna character of southwestern Yunnan.[Method]The ant fauna of southwestern Yunnan was investigated through plot-sampling and fauna analysis methods from June to July,2020,and June 2021.[Results]Totally 220 species belonging to 74 genera and 10 subfamilies of Formicidae were recorded.It was most dominant in Oriental region distributed species(220 species,100.0%),followed by Palearctic region distributed species(88 species,40.0%).In Chinese zoogeographical divisions,the ant fauna of southwestern Yunnan had typical character of South China zone(220 species),closest to Southwest China zone(150 species),and farthest from Northeast China zone(6 species).[Conclusion]From north to south with the latitude decreasing,the ratio of Palearctic distributed species successively decreases,and the ratio of Oriental distributed species successively increases.Southwestern Yunnan has an advantageous hydrothermal condition which provides a favorable condition for survive and reproduce of ant community.Plentiful tropical and south subtropical vegetation have provided fine habitats for the South China zone species.