民国东北的商租危机与舆论应对

The Commercial Rental Crisis in the Northeast China and the Response of Public Opinion in the Republic of China Period

自满蒙条约给予日本在我国“南满洲”地区商租土地特权,大量中国东北民众失去土地,引发群体性生存危机。为应对危机,民国舆论界借公共舆论为利器,及时跟踪报道商租情况,剖析商租危机的缘起及图谋,提出一系列颇具实效的应对策略。在舆论界的催生下,促使民国政府颁布诸多法律、法规及条令,强化商租抵制效果。同时,民国舆论界又对北京政府及东北地方当局应对危机不力的情况进行严厉批判。民国新闻传媒围绕商租危机的上述报道和批判评论,均属特殊环境下舆论界应对商租危机的重要内容,反映出民国公共舆论在保护国家利益上的强大作用。

Since the Treaty of Manchuria and Mongolia granted Japan the privilege of commercial rent of land in the“Southern Manchuria”area of China,a large number of people in Northeast China lost their land,causing a mass survival crisis.In response to the crisis,the public opinion circle of the Republic of China used public opinion as a weapon to track and report the commercial rental situation in a timely manner,analyze the origin and plot of the commercial rental crisis,and put forward a series of effective countermeasures.Inspired by the public opinion circles,the government of the Republic of China has been prompted to promulgate many laws,regulations and decrees to strengthen the commercial rent boycott effect.At the same time,the public opinion circles of the Republic of China severely criticized the Beijing government and the local authorities in Northeast China for their ineffective response to the crisis.The above-mentioned reports and even critical comments by the news media of the Republic of China on the commercial rental crisis are important contents of the public opinion circle in response to the commercial rental crisis under special circumstances,reflecting the powerful role of public opinion in the Republic of China in protecting national interests.