王朝国家视野下的知识话语生产与多重身份的历史叙事——以诸葛亮的身份建构为例

Knowledge Discourse Production and Historical Narration of Multiple Identities in China’s Ancient Dynasties:The Case of Zhuge Liang’s Identity Construction

诸葛亮多重身份的历史叙事不仅契合了国家整合地方权力、王权深入边疆的政治目的,也是封建王朝国家宏观社会权力在微观个体层面实现的反映。从“机构的话语秩序”和“社会的话语秩序”两个角度,可以更全面地阐释统治阶层、汉族移民与少数民族在王朝国家民族关系调适、“大一统”与正统观念的演进等过程中对诸葛亮多重身份历史叙事与身份建构的影响,分析诸葛亮多重身份历史叙事的历时性与共时性特征。从西南民族关系长时段的历史发展看,诸葛亮多重身份历史叙事的历史也展现了王朝国家治理下“夷汉”民族交往、交流、交融不断深化的进程。

The historical narration of Zhuge Liang’s multiple identities not only fits the country’s political purpose of integrating the local powers and permeating the monarchical power in the frontier region, but also reflects the realization of the macro-social power of China’s ancient dynasties at the level of the individuals. In the perspectives of “institutional order of discourse” and “societal order of discourse”, it is possible to reveal the effects of the transformation of the relationships among the ruling class, the Han immigrants and ethnic minorities in China’s ancient dynasties and the evolution of the “great unification” and the “orthodox view” on the historical narration of the multiple identities and the identity construction of Zhuge Liang as well as the relevant diachronic and synchronic characteristics. Judging from the long-term historical development of ethnic relations in southwest China, the past historical narration of Zhuge Liang’s multiple identities also shows the deepening process of the exchanges and integrations of the Han and the minority ethnic groups in China’s ancient dynasties.