电子健康档案区块链应用前景及其挑战

Application prospects and challenges of electronic health records blockchain

近年来,我国大力推进医疗信息化建设,以电子健康档案为核心的医疗健康大数据共享互用模式不断完善。目前,电子健康档案的管理及利用存在数据集中存储安全隐患、数据共享困难、权益分配不完善等问题,而区块链技术的分布式存储、高效保密数据共享、按需协同智能计算等特性能有效解决这些问题。鉴于区块链技术在医疗档案领域尚未形成成熟的应用模式,大规模的电子健康档案区块链应用还面临技术、治理和操作层面的挑战,笔者建议应加强区块链技术相关科学研究、完善区块链应用赋能体系建设并启动健康档案区块链试点工程。

In recent years,China has been vigorously promoting the construction of medical informatization,with ever improving share and interoperability model of medical and health care big data centering on electronic health records.Current problems in the management and utilization of electronic health records were found in such aspects as hidden risk exposure in the centralized data storage,poor access in data sharing,and poor distribution of rights and interests.These problems can be tackled effectively by the distributed storage,efficient secret data sharing,on-demand collaborative intelligent computing and other features of blockchain technology.The blockchain technology is still immature to use in medical archiving,and large-scale application of electronic health archives blockchain faces challengs in technology,governance and operation.The authors suggest to enhance scientific research on blockchain technology,improve the construction of blockchain application enabling system,and to launch the pilot project of health archives blockchain.