活动阳光间在严寒地区幼儿园节能设计中的应用——以2020台达杯太阳能竞赛获奖作品《煦阳·和风》为例

Activity Sunlight Room for Energy-saving Design of Kindergarten in Severe Cold Area: Analysis of a winning work in 2020 “Delta Cup”

在严寒地区,附加阳光间对室内起到良好的保温蓄热作用,但易产生夏季室内过热的问题,不利于创造四季皆宜的儿童活动空间。以2020“台达杯”国际太阳能建筑设计竞赛获奖作品《煦阳·和风》为例,在传统附加阳光间的基础上,融入新疆严寒地区气候条件与幼儿行为活动的设计影响因子,形成“活动阳光间”的设计理念,实现夏季通风、冬季蓄热的幼儿全天候活动空间设计。从场地气候环境出发,通过分析活动阳光间的设计原理、设计要素、运行机制,探讨其与严寒地区建筑总体布局的关系与柱廊中庭空间、儿童活动场地、交通空间的结合处理方式,同时结合Ecotect及DeST软件模拟分析建筑生成后的场地气候环境及室内温度的变化,为严寒地区幼儿园建筑节能设计提供参考。

In severe cold areas, the additional sunlight room can play a good role in heat preservation and storage. However, the problem of indoor overheating easily occurs in summer, which is not conducive to creating a children’s activity space suitable for all seasons. Taking the excellent work “Warm sunshine, Gentle wind” of the 2020 “Delta Cup” International Solar Architectural Design Competition as an example. On the basis of the traditional additional sunlight room, the design influence factors of climatic conditions in Xinjiang’s severe cold area and children’s behavioral activities are integrated to form the design concept of “Active Sunlight Room”. It realizes the design of all-weather activity space for children with ventilation in summer and heat storage in winter. Starting from the climate and environment of the site, the article analyzes the design principles, design elements, and operating mechanism of the activity sunlight room. The relationship between the activity sunlight room and the overall layout of the building is expounded, combining the activity sunlight room with the colonnade, atrium, children’s activity venue, and traffic space. Ecotect and DeST software are used to simulate and analyze the changes of the site climate environment and indoor temperature simultaneously after the building is generated. This paper provides a reference for building energy-saving design of kindergartens in severe cold areas.