中美保温材料与门窗热工性能及测试标准对比

Comparison on the Standards of Thermal Performance and Test Methods for Building Insulation Materials and Doors and Windows in China and the USA

中国和美国同属于北半球国家,有着相近的南北纬度和东西跨度,都涉及多种气候类型。对比研究中美建筑节能标准对于我国建筑节能有很重要的借鉴和指导意义,有利于制定适合我国国情需求的节能政策,可为实现碳达峰和碳中和的战略目标作出贡献。对比分析中美标准中模塑聚苯板、岩棉和真空绝热板三种代表性保温材料导热系数的指标要求和测试方法,以及门窗传热系数的性能要求和测试方法。结果表明,中国和美国对于这三种保温材料和门窗的性能指标要求存在一定差异。三种材料的导热系数限值大体相同,测试温度接近,基本可以对等互换,但测试方法不同。中国标准下门窗的规则制定较简洁,美国标准则更严格。

China and the USA locate in the northern hemisphere with similar longitude and latitude spans.In addition,both countries have multiple climate types.A comparative analysis of the energy-saving standards between China and the USA is meaningful for China to launch suitable energy-saving policies and meet the target of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality.This paper compares and analyzes the index requirements and test methods of the thermal conductivity of three representative thermal insulation materials(expanded polystyrene,rockwool,and vacuum insulation panel)in the Chinese and American standards,as well as the performance requirements and test methods of the heat transfer coefficient of doors and windows.The results show that China and the USA have some differences in the index requirements of thermal insulation materials and doors and windows.The limits and test temperature for the thermal conductivity are basically the same and hence interchangeable.The test methods for the thermal conductivity are,however,somewhat different.With respect to doors and windows,the Chinese standards are more concise,while the American standards are more stringent.